玉米产量及相关性状的配合力分析和遗传参数估算

Analysis of combining ability and estimation of genetic parameters of yield and related traits in maize

以7个玉米自交系为母本,5个自交系为父本,按不完全双列杂交试验设计,组配了35个杂交组合,对其产量及相关性状进行配合力分析和遗传参数估算。结果表明:产量及相关性状在不同亲本间以及同一亲本不同性状间一般配合力效应存在着显著差异,同一自交系同一性状不同组合间特殊配合力也存在着显著差异,一般配合力低的自交系也有特殊配合力较高的组合出现。产量一般配合力较高的亲本为P4(济533)、P7(K1516)与P12(PH4CV)。在特殊配合力分析中,产量以P5(浚0566)/P12(PH4CV)特殊配合力最高,P5(浚0566)/P10(986)最低。百粒重、粒长、穗长与穗行数狭义遗传率较高,可在早代选择;穗粗、穗位高、轴粗与虚尖长狭义遗传率也较高,但这些性状对产量是负向效应,应综合考虑这些性状;产量与单穗重的狭义遗传率低,应在晚代选择。

The study was conducted by 7 inbred lines for female parents and 5 for male parents as materials which were from incomplete diallel cross to form 35 crosses. Analysis of combining ability and estimation of genetic parameters of yield and related traits were done. The results suggested that general combining ability（GCA） of yield and related traits was significantly different among different parents and different traits of the same parent. Specific combining ability （SCA） was also existing significant differences on various combinations in the same traits of the same inbred line. But SCA of inbred lines with low GCA was high. GCA in Parents P4 （Ji 533）, P7 （K1516）, and P12 （PH4CV） was high for yield, The hightest SCA of yeild was P5 （Xun 0566） / P12 （PH4CV）, and Ps（Xun 0566） / P10 （986） was the lowest. Narrow heritability of 100-grain weight, grain length, ear length and ear rows were high, so early generation selection was suitable. Although narrow and broad heritability of ear diameter, ear height, axis diameter and bald top length of ear were high, these traits had negative effect on yield, which were comprehensively considered. Narrow heritability of yield and single panicle weight were low, so it was suitable to select on later generation.