五脉地椒粗提物对果蔬病原菌的抑制作用

Effect of the Extractives of Leaves of Thymus Quinquelostatus Celak on Inhibiting Fruit and Vegetable Pathogens

采用冷浸法以体积分数75%的乙醇提取五脉地椒浸膏,依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,减压浓缩得到5种粗提物组分,测定5种萃取物对油菜菌核病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌、苹果斑点落叶病菌和葡萄轮斑病菌的抑制作用。抑菌试验(生长速率法)结果表明,石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物对菌丝的生长均有明显抑制作用,水萃取物的抑菌作用不明显;在质量浓度10 mg/mL下,氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物对4种菌丝生长的抑制率均在60%以上,其中乙酸乙酯萃取物对黄瓜枯萎病菌的抑制率可达100%。

Extracting Thymus quinquelostatus Celak with 75% ethanol by the method of cold-maceration,then extracted by petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate,n-butyl alcohol,and obtain five crude extract fractions by depressurizing and condensing.Then measure these five crude extract fractions＇ inhibitory action to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerimon,Alternaria mali and Acrospermum viticolum Ikata.The results of Inhibition experiments（Growth rate method） show that petroleum ether chloroform extraction,ethyl acetate extraction and n-butyl alcohol extraction have obvious inhibitory action to the growth of hyphae.Water extraction has no obvious inhibitory action to the growth of hyphae.Under concentration of 10 mg/mL,chloroform extraction,ethyl acetate extraction,n-butyl alcohol extraction have an up to 60%inhibitory action to these four hyphaes.The ethyl acetate extraction has a 100%-inhibitory action to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerimon.