缔造新都:民国首都南京的城市设计与规划政治——以1928-1929年的首都规划为中心

Creating New Capital:Republican Nanjing's City Design and Planing Politics:An Analysis of the Capital's Planing(1928-1929)

作为复兴民族和重新建国的象征,国民政府对首都南京的营造建设极为重视,专事成立相关机构制订首都发展规划。然而首都规划的制定过程却频生变故。不仅负责首都设计的政府机关无故更迭,具体负责规划工作的设计单位亦受党国高层权力倾轧影响发生改变。受政治因素影响,党国还在《首都计划》的规划文本中有意识地植入党记意识形态和民族主义的建筑意图。事实证明,国民政府对首都规划这种城市现代化的努力,不仅是技术层面的革新,实际上也是封建时代加强统治和区分异己这一古老政治传统的现代延续。

As the revival and re-founding of the much attention on Nanjing＇ s city construction, and national symbol, the Nationalist government paid for special care, established relevant design institutions. However, the capital design＇ s making process was full of twists and turns . Not only the government authorities which responsible for capital design was replaced for no reason, but also changed the design agencies. Moreover, the Party-state government implanted a large number of party-noted ideology and national doctrine architectural ideas in Plan＇ s final content. Facts have proved that the Nationalist government＇ s urban modernization efforts, not only innovated the city construction technically, but also inherited the old political tradition of strengthening rule and distinguishing from alien.