诗歌感知效果中的“难以言说”——感受意对“言不尽意”的探析

On the“Unspeakable”in the Poetic Perceived Effect: A Study of the Quale-Sense to “Meaning Beyond Words”

认知诗学不仅关注对文学文本的认知解读过程,也强调对感知效果的阐释。诗歌阅读中,读者通过对文本的体验,感受文本所欲传达的"言不尽意"的情感、审美等体验,这是一种非概念的。读者在对概念化的诗歌语言进行认知处理时,基于已有的经验对诗歌的"韵外之致,味外之旨"进行解读,这种体验是诗歌语言之外的一种主观经验或感受,是一种"只可意会不可言传"的体验。这种解读本质上是"难以言说"的,它使不同读者对同一首诗歌的理解呈现无限的可能,而导致这种现象的一个原因就是感受意,即读者对诗歌语言所描绘的"事物"的"感受质"的一种心理体验。

Cognitive poetics not merely attaches attention to the cognitive process to interpret the literary text ,but also emphasizes its perceived effect. When reading a poem,readers experience the ＂unspeakable＂, which is non-conceptual, like emotion and aesthetic appreciation by embodying the text. While readers process the conceptualized poetic language,they interpret its meaning beyond words based on the gained knowledge, which is a subjective experience or feelings beyond the poetic language and an embodiment that they can feel but cannot express. This kind of experience is essentially unspeakable, which causes different readers to have infinite interpretations to the same poem. One reason for this phenomenon is the quale-sense of poetic language, that is, a mental embodiment for readers to the ＂quale＂ of ＂thing＂ depicted in the poem.