消费·快乐·生活——解读《太阳照样升起》中的唯美思想

Consumption,Pleasure and Life: On the Aesthetic Ideas of Hemingway's in The Sun Also Rises

《太阳照样升起》体现了海明威的现代性唯美主义思想:生活的艺术化提倡人应该享受生活之美,不受既定社会道德的束缚,摆脱传统观念的羁绊,积极进入生活,积累自己对外在世界的感性经验和印象,由此对直接经验、个性、真实的感受和快感等赋予特别的价值,而这恰好符合了现代社会消费环境下的消费文化逻辑;另一方面,这种消费快感加强了日常生活审美化的同时,反过来促进了社会生活的全面商品化,这种商品化削弱并使人们丧失其企图通过消费快感建构的主体性意识和主体地位,也就构成了审美现代性的两难境地。对这一包含悖论性内涵的唯美主义思想,海明威通过赋予其小说人物以各自的行为准则这一艺术技巧进行了平衡。

The Sun Also Rises is a novel representing Hemingway＇s modem aesthetic ideas. On the one hand, life as an art suggest an enjoying attitude toward life and no restraints of traditional morals and an emphasis upon sensual experience, which goes in conformity with the logic of consumptive culture in modem society. On the other, the sense of pleasure obtained from the aestheticization of everyday life, in return, however, weakens the subjective consciousness intended to be constructed through the consumptive culture, thus leading the aesthetic modernity into a dilemma. To help his heroes out of the dilemma, Hemingway artistically characterizes them as a group of city people with their own behavior codes.