北京市水资源利用相对效率的时空差异分析

Spatial-Temporal Difference of Relative Efficiency of Water Resources Utilization in Beijing

以北京市为例,采用改进的数据包络分析方法(DEA)计算了2001—2009年北京市18区(县)的水资源利用的相对效率,利用探索性空间数据分析方法(ESDA)和局部空间自相关性分析方法,研究了北京市18区(县)的水资源利用相对效率的空间分布格局。结果表明:北京市各区、县水资源利用相对效率有所提高;空间分布呈随机性;没有显著的空间分布特征,即趋同或异质现象。与北京市经济发展的空间分布格局对比得出,北京市各区(县)的用水效率与其经济发展水平存在着一定的相关性。

The relative efficiency of water resources utilization in eighteen districts of Beijing from 2001 to 2009 are calculated by using improved data envelopment analysis（DEA）.The calculated results are further analyzed with exploratory spatial data analysis（ESDA） and with spatial autocorrelation analysis（global spatial autocorrelation factor Moran＇s I and local spatial autocorrelation factor Local Moran＇s I）.Results show that the relative efficiency of water use in the districts/counties of Beijing have improved,with that of well-developed districts higher than less-developed districts.Moreover,we conclude that the water resources utilization relative efficiency of Beijing has no significant spatial features,which means that the relative efficiency of water use in each district/county of Beijing tends to distribute randomly.Local spatial autocorrelation analysis shows that the spatial pattern is featured by high efficiency in the central area and low in the surrounding area instead of high efficiency in the north and low in the south in the past,which is consistent with the spatial distribution pattern of economic development.It＇s concluded that water use efficiency has correlation with economic development,and the area with rapid economic development in general has higher relative efficiency of water resources utilization.