复杂社会经济系统中的流动性

Mobility in Complex Socio-economic Systems

当前研究社会经济系统复杂性的一个焦点是对各类普适的尺度分布特征及其成因的探究.然而,尽管在宏观尺度上整个体系已经表现出稳定的分布,而组成系统的个体可能依然在剧烈地波动.从整体上描述和研究这种微观变动的特性就是流动性分析,它和分布研究互相补充才能深入、准确地理解社会经济系统的复杂性.近几十年来在福利经济学中对于流动性已经开展了一系列有益的探讨,但在复杂性科学领域最近几年才有所涉及.本文首先介绍了流动性概念及测量方法,之后对个人收入、世界财富、城市人口等问题的流动性实证研究进行了回顾,进一步深入探究了流动性的决定因素,为揭示普适的尺度分布的成因提供了更多的依据.

One focus of the research on complexity of socio-economic systems is to explore characteristics of various universal size distributions and their formation mechanisms. However, the individuals of which the system consists are possibly still varying dramatically over the concerned size even though the whole system has already attained a stable distribution. The description and study on the variations from aggregate perspective is called mobility analysis. With explorations on size distributions together, the studies on mobility can approach substaintial and comprehensive understanding of complexity of socio-economic systems. The concept of mobility and its measurements were elaborated, and then some empirical works on mobility analysis of individual income, world wealth and city population which have been carried out in past were retrospected. In order to provide more evidence for uncovering the mechanism behind those universal size distributions, the determinants of mobility were further looked into.