青年原发性高血压患者的临床特点及危险因素分析

Risk factors and clinical features of youth essential hypertension

目的探讨青年原发性高血压的临床特点和相关危险因素。方法选择2005年1月～2010年12月,在该科门诊确诊的147例青年高血压患者,并随机选择300例同期在该院进行体检的健康青年人群为对照组。比较分析两组人群的血压情况、社会资料、生活特点及生理、生化指标等资料,总结青年高血压患者的临床特点及危险因素。结果高血压组中,高血压1、2、3级分别占44.2%、53.1%和2.7%;单纯SBP升高2例,其余为SBP/DBP均升高。单因素及多元Logistic回归分析显示,青年高血压的危险因素主要有男性、高盐饮食、BMI指数>24、高尿酸血症和高胆固醇血症等,发病风险分别是对照人群的3.85、8.54、7.97、10.51和9.44倍。结论肥胖、不良生活习惯和血脂代谢异常与青年高血压病关系密切。合理调整饮食结构,辅助运动减肥是有效的降压方法。

Objective To study the risk factors and clinical features of youth essential hypertension.Methods 147 young out-patients diagnosed with hypertension in our hospital were selected as hypertensive group from January 2005 to December 2010.At the same time,300 cases of health youths were randomly selected as control group.The blood pressure,social information,characteristic of life,physiological and biochemical indexes of two groups were analyzed retrospectively and compared respectively.The risk factors and clinical features of youth essential hypertension had been summarized.Results In hypertensive group,the percent of 1,2 and 3 degree hypertension cases were 44.2 %,53.1 % and 2.7 %.There were two cases of single increased SBP,and the rest of cases of hypertensive group were SBP/DBP elevated.The results of single factor analysis and logistic regression revealed that compared with control group,the high risk factors of youth hypertension mainly included male,high-salt diet,BMI index greater than 24,hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia,and the odds ratio（OR） was 3.58,8.54,7.97.10.51 and 9.44 respectively.Conclusion Obesity,abnormal lipoid metabolism and bad habits ware closely related to youth hypertension.So,reasonably adjusting diet and exercise for losing weight can lower blood pressure effectively.