老年人口贫困的成因及对策研究

The Causes and Countermeasures of Elderly Population in Poverty

未富先老的中国,有相当多的老年人口逐渐成为贫困化的弱势群体。其原因主要来自三个层面,即社会层面:社会保障制度不完善,老年工作与服务的供给不足,社会存在歧视老年人的倾向;家庭层面:家庭规模缩小,代际关系转移;自身层面:疾病。预防老年人口贫困的发生,应完善城乡养老保险与医疗保险制度,建立和完善老年服务体系与服务机构,消除老年歧视,使老年人充分地、不受歧视地在公平的基础上参与社会。

There are quite a number of elderly populations that have gradually turned into pauperized disadvantaged groups in China,a country that is getting old before getting rich.The reasons come mainly from three aspects,namely the social aspect： the imperfect social security system,insufficient offer of jobs and services and the trends of ageism;the family aspect： smaller family size and transfer of intergenerational relationships;their own aspect： diseases.To prevent aging people from living in poverty,the government should perfect urban and rural endowment and medical insurance systems,establish and perfect service systems and service agencies,eliminate the ageism,and help the aged fairly participate in social activities without discrimination.