工作期待与家庭守望的冲突与困惑——农村女教师工作家庭关系的质性研究

The Conflicts and Frustration of Balancing Work Expectation and Family Life:A Qualitative Analysis of the Relationship of Work and Family of Rural Female Teachers

文章采用质性研究方法,通过对五位农村女教师的访谈和观察,对她们的工作家庭冲突的现状、原因和对策进行了研究。农村女教师在现实生活中存在严重的工作家庭冲突,主要表现在有限时间与多重身分、职业周期与家庭生命周期、归属需要与自我实现需要等方面的矛盾和冲突,并影响着她们的专业发展。教师对自我角色的传统认知、社会对女性的双重期待、性别支持系统的缺乏以及农村女教师的岗位特殊性是农村女教师工作家庭冲突产生的主要原因。农村女教师工作家庭冲突的有效缓解,需要社会、学校以及女教师自身的共同努力。

With interviews with and observations on five teachers, the author conducted a qualitative research on the status quo, causes and solutions for work-family conflicts which rural female teachers were facing. The conflicts of work and family exist substantially among rural female teachers hindering their professional development, which are mainly reflected in the following： the conflict of limited time and multi roles, conflict of career cycle and family life cycle, and conflict of the needs of sense of belonging and self-realization. These conflicts are caused mainly by the following reasons： the teacher＇ s traditional cognition of roles played by themselves, double expectations on females by the society, the lack of sex support system and the uniqueness of the rural female teachers＇ positions. To ease the conflicts mentioned above, the society, schools and teachers should work together to address the issue.