基于社区居民感知的景区旅游开发与社区利益冲突研究——以崂山风景区为例

Research on the conflicts between scenic area tourism development and community interests based on community residents' perception——A case study of Laoshan Scenic Area

近年来,随着旅游业的迅猛发展,景区与社区的矛盾日益凸显。景区旅游开发对社区既有积极影响,也有消极影响,其中对社区的自然环境与文化保护、生活质量和环境、利益分配与知名度等方面的影响引起广泛关注。从消极影响角度,景区旅游开发与社区现实和潜在冲突包括社区与政府、社区与旅游企业、社区内部及社区间三种。根据居民对旅游开发的态度差异可分为支持者、中立者、憎恨者、矛盾憎恨者四类。为解决景区与社区的冲突,应有针对性地建立沟通机制、补偿机制、增权机制和公平利益分配机制等。

In recent years, with the rapid development of tourism, the conflicts between scenic area and community have become increasingly prominent. Scenic area tourism development has greatly effect on the community, including the overall positive impact and negative impact. Meanwhile, the residents also paid attention to the impact of natural environment and cultural preservation, life quality and living environment, and interest distribution. From the adverse effects of scenic area development to the community, we can sum up actual and potential conflicts between scenic area tourism development and community, including community and government, community and tourism enterprise, and community and community. According to community residents＂ different attitude towards tourism development, they can be divided into four categories, which are supporters, neutrals, haters, contradictory haters. To coordinate the conflict, we have to take some measures, such as publishing public investment mechanism, compensation mechanism, empowerment mechanism and fair distribution of interests mechanism.