表面活性剂CTAB辅助溶胶–凝胶法制备硼酸铝纳米棒

Fabrication of Aluminum Borate Nanorods via a Surfactant CTAB-Assisted Sol–Gel Method

以仲丁醇铝(aluminum tri-sec-butoxide,ATSB)和硼酸为原料,采用阳离子表面活性剂(cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide,CTAB)辅助溶胶–凝胶法于120℃形成白色干凝胶,再进行焙烧得到硼酸铝纳米棒。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线能量色散谱仪和Fourier变换红外光谱仪对产物结构和形貌进行表征。结果表明:750℃焙烧产物为具有单晶结构的Al4B2O9纳米棒,,其形貌及直径、长度受ATSB和硼酸摩尔比影响;当ATSB与H3BO3摩尔比为1:2时,Al4B2O9纳米棒直径约为15nm,长度为200～300nm。1200℃焙烧的产物为Al18B4O33纳米棒,其直径为200～500nm,长度约为3μm。对硼酸铝纳米棒的形成机理进行了初步探讨。

A14B2O9 and AllsB4O33 nanorods were synthesized via a cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB）assisted sol-gel method and a subsequent calcination of the white gel of aluminum tri-sec-butoxide （ATSB） and boric acid. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that the product calcined at 750 ℃ was AlaB2O9 nanorods with a single-crystal structure. The length and diameter of A14B2O9 nanorods were affected by the mole ratio of ATSB to HsBO3. The diameter of A14B2O9nanorods was 15 nm and the lengths was in the range of 200-300 nm at the mole ratio of ATSB to H3BO3 of 1：2. The diameters ofAl18B4O33 nanorods calcined at 1 200 ℃ were in the range of 200-500 nm and the length was 3 μm. The possible formation mechanism of aluminum borate nanorods was proposed.