基于我国区域制度的区域生态补偿难点问题研究

Study of Regional Eco-Compensation Difficult Problems Based on the Regional System in China

国家的主体功能区划是一次重大的实践,但是要解决的已经不再是传统的区域划分和分工等追求发展效率的问题,而是要同时解决人与自然的矛盾和区域与区域的矛盾,其战略目标的实现需要区域生态补偿。任何的生态补偿政策都是"嵌入"于具体的区域制度当中,因此本文以我国的行政经济区域制度为切入点,从区域生态补偿的责任机制、补偿标准和补偿方式等三个维度探讨其理论和实践上的难点问题,并分析其对区域协调发展的负面影响。在主体功能区划的战略格局下,如何在区域制度的约束中完善区域生态补偿机制,本文从财政转移支付制度、生态经济援助和人口迁移等三个方面进行了思考。

The ＂major function oriented zoning （MFOZ）＂ is a significant practical innovation for geography in China, and makes it a grand strategy for the central government. But what to be solved is no longer the traditional regional division in pursuit of the development efficiency, but to solve the conflicts between man and nature, to achieve its strategic objectives needed for regional ecological compensation. Ecological compensation policies are always ＂embedded＂ in specific regional system, so this paper makes the administrative and economic region system as the starting point to explore the difficult problems in three dimensions： the responsibility of the regional eco-compensation mechanism, the standard of compensation and the method, and then analyzes the negative impacts of these difficult points tbr achieving balanced regional development. How to improve the regional eco-compensation mechanism under the constraints of regional system？ This paper tries to lay out some suggestions from three aspects： the fiscal transfer payment system, the eco-economic assistant and the population migration.