中美电子信息产品产业内贸易水平测度与类型甄别

The Empirical Research on the Intra-industry Trade in Sino-US Electronic Information Products Trade

近年来,中美电子信息产品贸易得到快速发展,作为技术和资本密集型产业,电子信息产品在中美贸易中具有不可忽视的重要性。利用SITC第三版分类下三位数的中方数据,借助G-L指数修正后的G-L指数和Aquino矫正指数分析了中美1992—2007年间电子信息产品的产业内贸易情况,并采用GHM方法测算其产业内贸易类型。结果显示:中美电子信息产品从较低水平的产业内贸易转移为产业间贸易,且仍呈下降趋势;产业内贸易类型呈现以低水平的垂直型产业内贸易为主的格局。分类考察中,各产品的比重和G-L指数都存在较大差异,中间产品贸易占了较大比例;中美电子信息产品的产业内贸易结构不稳定,中国仍处于电子信息产品国际产业链的下游。因此,重视加工贸易的结构转型,并逐步提升国际竞争力将是后期中国发展电子信息产业的重点工作。

In recent years,the electronic information products trade between China and the United States has developed rapidly.The export of electronic information products from China to the United States is continuing rapid growth nowadays and there is the emergence of China＇s huge trade surplus against the United States.As technology and capital-intensive industry,the electronic information products in the trade between China and US is becoming more and more important.By using the G-L Index,amendatory G-L Index,Aquino Index and GHM,this paper gets objective measurement of the intra-industry trade between this two countries from 1992-2007 under the standard of SITC,Rev.3 of #751,#761,#762,#763,#764,#772,#774,#776.It has been found in this paper that the trade between these two countries still lies in inter-industry trade and the style of intra-industry trade is horizontal.The G-L index,the style of intra-industry trade and proportion of each product in this industry are quite different.The intermediate products account for a large proportion.China is still in the electronic information products chain downstream of the global market.Therefore,the key work for China is to pay attention to transformation of processing trade and promoting international competitiveness gradually in the coming years.