论《红楼梦》与《狂人日记》的文化承继关系

On the Cultural Inheritance Between Dream of the Red Chamberand Diary of a Madman

在中国文学史上,《红楼梦》作为古典文学的终点,《狂人日记》作为现代文学的开端,两者之间具有重要的文化承继关系。首先,《红楼梦》伤时骂世,《狂人日记》感时忧国,传承了中国文化的士人精神。其次,《红楼梦》第一次把"情"提高到形而上学的水平,以"女儿"作为理想世界的中心,对传统文化发起天翻地覆的革命;《狂人日记》则弃绝传统文化,渴望以"新文化"战胜"旧文化",把"孩子"看作"新文化"的希望。最后,《红楼梦》与《狂人日记》的主人公徘徊在传统文化和现代文化之间,前者进行精神探索,后者开始勇猛呐喊,孤独与分裂是他们的共同特征。

In the history of Chinese literature,Dream of the Red Chamber acted as the end of the classical literature,while Diary of a Madman was thought to be the beginning of the modern literature.However,there has been an important cultural inheritance between them.First,Dream of the Red Chamber heavily worried about and censured on the times,while Diary of a Madman showed the sense of obsession with China,both of which inherited the spirit of Chinese traditional scholars.Second,Dream of the Red Chamber was the first one that heightened ＂affection＂ to the metaphysical level and looked at ＂femininity＂ as the center of an ideal world,and launched tremendous changes on traditional culture.Diary of a Madman abandoned the traditional culture,and was eager to use ＂new culture＂ to defeat ＂old culture＂.The ＂child＂ was looked at as a metaphor of the hope of ＂new culture＂.Finally,the leading characters of both novels wandered between the culture of tradition and modernization,Dream of the Red Chamber explored spiritual world,while Diary of a Madman began to yell bravely.Loneliness and split are their common features.