违约精神损害赔偿比较研究

A Comparative Study on Compensation for Spiritual Damage of Default

从比较视域本文考察英美法系、大陆法系主要国家及地区的违约精神损害赔偿制度,当今世界许多国家及地区均在不同程度上认可违约精神损害赔偿,尽管立法有宽严,但判例突破已成为一种不可扭转的强大趋势。英美法以不断出现的司法判例为动因,以"合同性质"、"合同目的"、"可预见性"及"明显后果"等为限制条件,把握违约精神损害赔偿的尺度,再到逐步扩大在司法实践中的运用,使之类型化,从而明确违约精神损害赔偿的适用范围。大陆法主要是通过扩大法条解释、变通救济理念予以救济,或通过增设法律条文进行规定,满足现实对违约精神损害赔偿的需求,这些均可作为我国构建违约精神损害赔偿制度的现实基础。

The paper analyzes the diffenence between English-American law and continential law in the situation of the compensation for spiritual damage of default.Many countries confirmes the mental damages compensation and although the law does not confirm,the case breakthrough has become the strong trend.Taking judicial precedent as motivation,and taking contract nature,contract goal,predication and the clear consequence as limiting conditions,English-American law grasps the compensation criterion for default spiritual damage,enriches the field and makes it typical,so that makes clear the applicable scope of spiritual damage compensation of default.The continential law carries out relief mainly through the expansion of legal interpretation,and altering relief concept;or by adding the laws regulations to meet the real needs of mental compensation for default.These can be used as realistic basis of China′s constructing compensation for spiritual damage of default.