自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合人脐带Wharton胶支架修复兔膝关节软骨缺损

Autologous adipose derived stem cells loaded onto human umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly matrix-derived scaffold for repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects of the knee in rabbits

背景:脐带Wharton胶富含透明质酸,糖胺多糖及胶原等,成分与天然软骨细胞外基质类似,因此由人脐带提取的Wharton胶很可能是一种较为理想的软骨组织工程支架材料。目的:评价自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合人脐带Wharton胶支架修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的效果。方法:将终浓度为1010L-1、成软骨方向诱导后的兔自体脂肪间充质干细胞与人脐带Wharton胶支架复合,继续培养1周构建组织工程软骨,对兔膝关节全层软骨缺损进行修复(实验组),并与单纯支架修复的对照组及空白组进行比较。术后3个月对修复组织行大体观察、组织学检测、糖胺多糖、总胶原定量检测及生物力学测定。结果与结论:实验组的缺损多为透明软骨修复,对照组以纤维组织修复为主,空白组无明显组织修复。提示脂肪间充质干细胞作为软骨组织工程种子细胞具有可行性;实验构建的组织工程软骨能有效的修复关节软骨缺损,人脐带Wharton胶可作为软骨组织工程良好的支架材料。

BACKGROUND： Umbilical cord Wharton jelly matrix is rich in hyaluronic acid, glycosaminoglycan and collagen, with similar components to natural chondrocyte extracellular matrix. Therefore, human umbilical cord-extracted Wharton jelly matrix is likely to become an ideal tissue engineering scaffold material of cartilage tissue. OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the therapeutic effects of autologous adipose derived stem cells loaded onto human umbilical cord Wharton＇s Jelly matrix-derived scaffold in repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects of the knee in rabbits. METHODS： After induced differentiation into chondrocytes, rabbit auatologous adipose derived stem cells at a final concentration of 1010/L were compounded with human umbilical cord Wharton＇s jelly matrix-derived scaffold and further cultured for 1 week to construct tissue-engineered cartilage. The full-thickness articular cartilage defects of the knee in rabbits were repaired by the tissue-engineered cartilage （experimental group）. The therapeutic effects were compared between experimental group, scaffold group and blank group. At 3 months after surgery, gross observation, histological examination, glycosaminoglycan （GAG） and total collagen quantification and biomechanical tests were applied to analyze the results. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： In the experimental group, most of defects were repaired by hyaline cartilage. In the scaffold group, most of defects were repaired by fibrous tissue. In the blank group, the defects were repaired with less fibrous tissue or not repaired. It is feasible to use adipose derived stem cells as the seed cells of cartilage tissue engineering. The constructed cartilage by tissue engineering can effectively repair knee articular cartilage defects and human umbilical cord Wharton＇s jelly matrix-derived scaffold can be used as a good cartilage tissue engineering scaffold.