运动强度生理负荷的检测及其应用

Monitoring and application of physiological load intensity in exercise

背景:运动强度有物理负荷强度指标、生理负荷强度指标和主观负荷强度指标3种。生理负荷强度能在反映运动强度的同时有效反映运动个体对运动强度的适应情况。目的:阐述心率和乳酸浓度检测分析生理负荷强度的应用进展。方法:检索PubMed数据库和中国期刊全文数据库1990/2011收录的以生理负荷强度来监控运动强度的文章,并重点突出以心率和乳酸作为监控指标的应用。结果与结论:通过47篇文献可证实心率以及乳酸是有效且应用广泛的用来监控运动强度的生理负荷强度指标。在通过对运动个体生理负荷强度的测定的同时,结合运动个体自身的生理负荷强度极限值的了解,一方面可以显著提高运动个体的训练水平。另一方面还可以有效避免长时间的过度训练所造成的机体损伤。因此,在以生理负荷强度指标监控运动强度时应综合考虑数种指标的联合应用,并应注意相应的应用条件和范围。

BACKGROUND： Exercise intensity includes physical load intensity, physiological load intensity and subjective feeling intensity. Physiological load intensity as a reflection to exercise intensity can effectively reflect individual adaptation to exercise intensity. OBJECTIVE： To elaborate the application progress of heart rate and lactate concentration as physiological load intensity indexes. METHODS： A computer-based online search of PubMed and CNKI databases were performed for papers published from 1990 to 2011. Papers related to exercise intensity monitored by physiological load intensity, especially the application of heart rate and lactate as monitoring indexes were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Totally 47 literatures were chosen, which proved that heart rate and lactate as physiological load intensity indexes were effective and widely used in exercise to monitor exercise intensity. The monitoring of individual’s physiological load intensity should be combined with the ultimate value of individual’s physiological load intensity, which could not only obviously improve individual’s training level, but also avoid body injury caused by longtime excessive training. Therefore, the combination of physiological load intensity indexes as well as application conditions and ranges should be considered when exercise intensity is monitored by physiological load intensity.