科学实在论与工具主义在科学领域的发展方向

Development Direction of Scientific Realism and Instrumentalism in the Field of Science

科学实在论与工具主义的争论已久。科学实在论认为事物本质是真实存在,科学就是揭示这种存在;工具主义者认为所谓的科学规律和科学理论都不是客观实在的反映而是人的认识,科学在人手中只是适应环境的工具。科学实在论与工具主义各有其存在的理由,前者指明了科学研究的方向,后者则始终强调科学理论只不过是人造的概念体系,是人所进行的科学实践的结果。表面上看二者截然对立,实际上二者之间存在着相互让步的空间,二者的发展方向必将是相互渗透、结合。

There is long dispute between scientific realism and instrumentalism in modern western philosophy.Scientific realism theory thinks the essence of the thing is true and science is to reveal the existence.Instrumentalist believes that the so-called scientific laws and theories of science are not objectively reflected.In the final analysis is the understanding.Science only adapts to the environment tools.In fact,scientific realism and instrumentalism have their own reason to exist.Scientific realism indicates the direction of scientific research.Instrumentalism always stress that scientific theory is only man-made concept system.It is the result of scientific practice.On the surface the two diametrically opposite,actually there is mutually concession space between them.Realism and instrumentalism development direction will be of mutual penetration,combined with each other.