生草覆盖梨园对梨果实品质及其重金属含量的影响

Influence of Herbage Mulch on Fruit Quality and Heavy Metal Content in Pear

研究了梨园行间生草覆盖处理,对3个红皮梨品种果实品质及其重金属含量的影响。结果表明,生草覆盖条件下,红香酥梨果实品质除维生素C含量低于清耕对照外,可溶性固形物、还原糖、可溶性总糖、总酸度和粗蛋白的含量均高于清耕对照;所检测的7个重金属元素中,有6个元素含量低于清耕对照果实含量,其完全符合绿色鲜梨果标准(NY/T423—2000);从可溶性固形物、还原糖、可溶性总糖含量看,西洋梨品系中的红巴梨含量最高,分别为14.27%,8.24%,10.02%;总酸度、维生素C、粗蛋白含量最高的为满天红,分别为0.397%,8.2 mg/100 g,303.13 mg/100 g。套袋处理的满天红梨果实与未套袋的对照果实相比,可溶性固形物、还原糖、可溶性总糖、粗蛋白含量均低于未套袋的果实,但是总酸度含量(0.481%)、维生素C含量(8.5 mg/100 g)高于对照梨果实。红皮梨满天红果实品质最佳。对于西洋梨红巴梨品种的果实中,虽然7个重金属元素含量均低于绿色鲜梨果标准,但该品种的果实对重金属元素Cu和Zn的吸收能力强于红香酥。

In the experiment,the herbage mulching management was used between pear rows to study its influence on fruit quality and heavy metal elements for 3 red peel pears.The results showed that the vitamin C content in the fruit was lower than that in clean tillage（CK）,but the contents of soluble solid,reducing sugar,total sugar,total organic acid and crude protein in the fruit were higher for the treatment than that in CK.Of seven heavy metal elements contents of the fruit,six were lower in the treatment than CK,which meet the standard NY/T 423-2000 for the green fresh fruit completely.The highest content of soluble solid,reducing sugar and total sugar was 14.27%,8.24% and 10.02% respectively in the Red Bartlett pear.Mantianhong had the highest content of total organic acid 0.397%,vitamin C 8.2 mg/100 g,and crude protein 303.13 mg/100 g.In Mantianhong pear,the contents of soluble solid,reducing sugar,total sugar and crude protein in the fruit were lower in bagging treatment than without bagging,but the contents of total organic acid and vitamin C in the fruit were higher in the bagging treatment than without bagging in Mantianhong pear,which were 0.481% and 8.5 mg/100 g respectively.Among the three red peel pear cultivars,Mantianhong pear was the best in fruit quality.The Cu and Zn uptake ability of Red Bartlett was stronger than Hongxiangsu pear.