2010年中国成年人吸烟与戒烟行为现状调查

Cross-sectional survey on smoking and smoking cessation behaviors among Chinese adults in 2010

目的调查2010年我国成年人吸烟与戒烟行为流行状况。方法2010年在我国162个监测点，采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样，通过面对面问卷调查收集慢性病相关危险因素信息，共调查了18岁以上居民98712名，用于吸烟与戒炯行为分析的有效样本量为98526名。对样本进行复杂加权后，分析不同年龄和性别成年人吸烟和戒烟情况。结果调查对象现在吸烟率为26．4％（26047／98526）。经过复杂加权后，我国18岁以上居民现在吸烟率为28．3％（95％CI：27．2％-29．4％），男性现在吸烟率（53．3％，95％CI：51．4％-55．2％）远高于女性（2．5％，95％CI：1．9％-3．0％）（P〈0．05）；88．3％（95％CI：87．3％-89．3％）的男性现在吸烟者每日吸烟，其日均吸烟量（机制卷炯）为（17．8±9．3）支。男性吸烟者戒烟率为14．8％（95％CI：13．8％-15．8％），成功戒烟率为10．7％（95％CI：9．9％-11．5％）。男性现在吸烟者中仅有38，8％（95％CI：36．9％-40．8％）的人有戒炯打算。18-24岁年龄组男性打算戒炯率最高（50．5％，95％CI：46．1％-54．8％），但其戒烟率最低（7．1％，95％CI：5．2％-8．9％）（P〈0．05）。结论中国成年人吸烟率较高，且戒烟者比例较低，尤其成年男性吸烟水平较高，戒烟意识不强，戒烟率仍处较低水平。

Objective To describe the prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation in Chinese adults in 2010. Methods A face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out in 162 surveillance points to collect information on non-communicable diseases related risk factors. Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 98 712 individuals aged 18 and over to be interviewed and 98 526 records were included in the analysis of smoking and smoking cessation. Sample was weighted to represent the population of Chinese adults. Indicators such as current smoking and smoking cessation among different population were calculated. Results Current smoking rate of our sample was 26. 4% （ 26 047/98 526 ） ~ With complex weighting, current smoking rate in Chinese adults aged 18 and above was 28.3% （95% CI： 27.2% - 29.4% ） ,which is much higher among men （53.3% ,95% CI： 51.4% - 55.2% ） than in women （2.5%,95%（3： 1.9% -3,0%） （P〈0.05）.Most male current smokers （88. 3% ,95% CI：87. 3% - 89. 3% ） snmked every day and average daily manufacture cigarettes consumption of male adults was （ 17.8 ±9.3） cigarettes. Only 14. 8% （95% CI： 13.8% - 15.8% ） of male ever smokers quitted smoking and 10.7% （95%C7： 9. 9% - 11.5%） quitted smoking. Only 38.8% （95%CI： 36. 9% -40.8%） of male current smokers intended to quit smoking. For current smokers aged from 18 to 24, proportion of those who intended to quit smoking was highest （50. 5% , 95% CI： 46. 1% -54. 8% ） , but proportion of those who quitted smoking （7. 1% , 95% CI： 5.2% - 8.9% ） was lowest comparing with other age groups（ P 〈 0. 05 ）Conclusion Prevalence of smoking in Chinese adults was high and only a few smokers quit smoking. Prevalence of smoking in Chinese male adults was still high. Fairly low proportion of male current smokers intend to quit smoking and even lower proportion of them quit smoking successfully.