红外发射率可变材料在航天器热控技术中的应用

Application of variable infrared-emissivity materials to spacecraft thermal control

基于热致变色和电致变色的可变发射率涂层或器件由于其重量轻、体积小、能耗少、调控灵活等优点在航天器热控技术中具有极大的应用前景。红外发射率可变材料是可变发射率涂层或器件的核心,主要有电致变发射率材料和热致变发射率材料两类。分析了红外发射率可变材料在航天器热控中应用的原理,重点介绍了钙钛矿型复合氧化物(A1-xBxMO3)、二氧化钒(VO2)、三氧化钨(WO3)、导电高分子(CPs)等四类典型红外发射率可变材料应用于航天器热控的研究进展。根据航天器总体和热控技术的发展需求,指出了未来航天器热控用红外发射率可变材料的发展趋势。

The variable emissivity coatings or devices,based on thermochromism and electrochromism,have great application prospects to spacecraft thermal control,because of their lightness,low energy consumption and facility.The variable emissivity materials are the key of these coatings and devices,and mainly have two kinds：electrochromic materials and thermochromic materials.The application principles of variable emissivity materials on spacecraft thermal control were analyzed.The research progress of four kinds of representative variable emissivity materials,which are perovskite oxides（A1-xBxMO3）,vanadium dioxide（VO2）,tungsten trioxides（WO3） and conducting polymers（CPs） respectively,are preferentially presented.Based on the total needs of spacecraft thermal control,the development trend of variable emissivity materials is discussed finally.