社区护士标准预防知识掌握及执行情况的现状调查分析

Investigation on mastery of standard precaution and status of implementation in community nurses

目的通过调查社区护士标准预防知识和措施的执行情况,分析存在问题,为今后培训和管理提供科学依据。方法 2011年8—10月,采用方便抽样的方法,自行设计问卷对340名社区护士进行调查,问卷包括一般资料、标准预防知识掌握情况、标准预防措施执行情况。结果社区护士标准预防知识掌握情况良好,正确率达81.56%;不同职称护理人员中,职称高的护士标准预防知识掌握相对较高,与其他职称低的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在标准预防强调双向防护和标准预防既防止血源性疾病又能防止非血源性疾病的知识中,学历低的护士得分相对较高,与其他学历高的比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护士在洗手、戴手套和戴口罩方面执行良好,分别达88.97%、83.74%和90.06%;护士在戴防护镜、穿隔离衣、针头分离和回套等方面执行行为未达到良好水平,分别为51.76%、50.29%、40.06%和31.02%。结论提高社区护士标准预防的认知和行为,有利于控制和预防医院感染的发生,有利于社区护士的身心健康。

Objective To investigate the mastery of standard precaution and status of implementation in community nurses,and provide scientific basis for future management and training.Methods A total of 340 community nurses were chosen and investigated by self-designed questionnaire from August to October 2011.The questionnaire included the general information,mastery of standard precaution and status of implementation.Results The mastery level of standard precaution in community nurses was good,with the accuracy rate of 81.56%.The senior nurses had better mastery than junior nurses（P0.05）.The nurses with lower education background got better scores in bidirectional standard precaution and standard precaution related to prevention of both hematogenous and non-hematogenous diseases than those with higher education background.The nurses implemented washing hand,wearing gloves and masks well,with rates of 88.97%,83.74%,and 90.06%.However,wearing protective glasses and isolation gown,separating needle and back to the set was not satisfying,with rates of 51.76%,50.29%,40.06%,and 31.02%.Conclusion To improve the mastery of standard precaution and status of implementation in community nurses can prevent nosocomial infection and benefit both patients and nurses.