口腔感染的病原菌及耐药性分析

Pathogens causing oral infections and drug resistance

目的了解口腔感染的病原菌分布及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,以便于指导临床用药。方法对医院2008-2011年收治的230例口腔感染患者的分泌物进行病原菌培养及药敏结果进行分析。结果 230例口腔感染患者检出细菌522株,其中厌氧菌344株,占65.9%,需氧菌178株,占34.1%;在厌氧菌中,主要检出的黑色素普氏菌127株,中间普氏菌88株,口腔链球菌34株,牙龈卟啉单胞菌29株,二氧化碳嗜纤维菌22株,核梭杆菌16株,韦荣球菌14株,共生放线杆菌9株,福赛类杆菌5株;药敏试验表明,厌氧菌株对万古霉素、四环素、头孢曲松高度敏感,敏感率均>90.0%。结论口腔感染患者病原体以厌氧菌为主,可选用万古霉素、四环素、头孢曲松等抗菌药物进行治疗。

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution of the pathogens causing oral infections and the resistance to commonly used antibiotics so as to guide the clinical medication.METHODS A total of 230 patients with oral infections who enrolled in hospital from 2008 to 2011 were collected,the bacterial culture of the secretions obtained from the patients as well as the drug susceptibility testing was performed.RESULTS There were totally 522 strains of bacteria isolated from the 230 patients,including 344（65.9%） strains of anaerobes and 178（34.1%） strains of aerobic bacteria;the predominant anaerobic bacteria isolated were Melanoma（127 strains）,the intermediate generalization bacteria（88 strains）,oral Streptococci（34 strains）,music gingival bacteria Porphyromonas chest（29 strains）,carbon fiber addicted bacteria（22 strains）,nuclear Fusobacterium（16 strains）,Wei Rong bacteria（14 strains）,the red symbiotic Actinobacillus（9 strains）,and Bacteroides（5 strains）;the drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug susceptibility rates of the anaerobes to imipenem,tetracycline,and ceftriaxone were higher than 90.0%.CONCLUSION The anaerobic bacteria are the main pathogens causing oral infections;imipenem,tetracycline,and ceftriaxone can be selected for the treatment of the oral infections.