野生墨汁鬼伞的驯化与栽培

Artificial Cultivation of Coprinus atramentarius

以北京市怀柔区宝山镇野生墨汁鬼伞(Coprinus atramentarius)为试验材料,对其母种、原种培养基配方进行优化筛选,并采用不同栽培方式研究了野生墨汁鬼伞人工驯化的培养条件。结果表明:实验范围内供试菌株的菌丝体生长最适碳源为葡萄糖+玉米淀粉,最适氮源是蛋白胨,最适pH值为9。培养料配方以棉籽壳、麸皮、玉米粉、石灰、锯末、石膏的配方最好,出菇以菌棒立栽覆土效果最好,覆土后55d现菇蕾,3～5d可采收。第一潮出菇生物学效率可达40%左右,条件适宜可出3～4潮菇。

A pure culture of Coprinus atramentarius was isolated from fruit bodies collected in the Huairou District of Beijing.C.artamentarius mycelium grew well on a medium,adjusted to pH 9.0,consisting of glucose（10 g/L） and corn flour（10 g/L） as the carbon sources,and peptone（3 g/L） as the nitrogen source.Highest biological efficiency values（based on the first flush of fruit bodies） were recorded when the mushroom was grown on a substrate consisting of 70% cottonseed hulls,18% wheat bran,5% corn flour,3% sawdust,3% lime and 1% gypsum.