山东省农村人口状况及其对经济社会影响

Effects of Rural Population on the Economic and Social Development in Shandong Province

山东省农村人口的发展,呈现出人口增长率减慢,人口数量与规模依然庞大,人口老龄化程度提高,农业劳动力文化素质下降,农村人口流动与迁移的势头不减,老人、妇女和儿童成农村常住人口主体,农村人口居住地由自然村和行政村向社区聚拢等方面的现状与特征。这些现状与特征对农村经济社会发展产生了重要影响,客观上导致了现代农业发展自然继承人缺位的局面,既加快了农村社会重置资源的步伐,也给农村社会养老保障体系的建立和农村社会公共管理与社会服务体系的完善造成了重大压力。

According to recent studies, rural population in Shandong province has several distinct characteristics, including： slowing growth rate, large population in absolute terms, aging, declining education level of the labor force, growing mobility and migration, shift from natural village to administrative village, women, children and the old becoming the majority of rural residents. Such demographic characteristics have had a significant impact on the economic and social development in rural Shandong. First, they result in the situation wherein modern agriculture is short of natural inheritors. Second, they necessitate the acceleration of resource redeployment in the rural socie- ty. They also present great pressure on the building of a rural old-age social security system and on improving rural social and public administration and social services system.