288例孕前妇女血铅水平及相关因素和健康干预分析

The Blood Lead Levels of 288 Normal Pregnant Women and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors and Health Education

为了解南京建邺地区计划妊娠妇女的血铅水平及其影响因素进行健康干预,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定了南京市建邺区妇幼保健院孕前门诊健康体检的288例孕前妇女血铅水平,并对其个人生活和饮食习惯等相关因素进行问卷调查,同时对部分铅超标孕前妇女进行健康干预。结果表明,孕前妇女铅中毒发生率为12.01%,经多元逐步回归分析确定,孕前妇女文化水平是妇女铅中毒的保护因素,经常食用皮蛋、膨化食品是妇女铅中毒的危险因素;健康干预方法对于铅超标妇女干预效果前后差异有显著性(P<0.01)。鉴于目前南京市建邺地区孕前妇女铅中毒流行率较高,对危险因素的预防以及健康干预方法能降低孕前妇女铅暴露水平,建议进行健康干预以促进健全婴儿出生,实现优生优育的目标。

To understand the blood lead levels of normal pregnant women in Jianye Nanjing and analysis of its influencing factors and health education, the blood lead levels of 288 normal pregnant women who had came to the hospital of nanjing jianye materity and child health care hospital were measured by atomicabsorption. At the beginning of the study, the study groups were called for interview to lead study questionnaire of personal life and dieting habits. At the same time, the pregnant women who exceeding standard in lead exposure were health educationed. The results showed that the incidence of high blood lead of pregnant women was 12. 1%, multiple stepwise regression analysis shown of affecting blood lead were eating puffed food and Preserved egg. Education attainment of pregnant women was protective factors of lead poisoning. It was effect significantly difference about health intervention methods for lead women~ intervention before and after （P 〈0. 01 ）. It conclusion the blood lead levels of normal pregnant women at present stage in Jianye Nanjing in the high range, health education, environment management adjusting the die and develop good habits of living regarded as a fiective way to reduce lead in pregnant women.