宪政视野下的中国检察制度探析

Study on Chinese Procuratorial System from the Perspective of Constitutionalism

我国检察制度是在现有的宪政制度下设计,并由宪法赋予其法律监督权以实现权力监督和权力限制的。但由于传统意义上的监督所固有的单向性,使得法律监督权不能够与行政权、司法权等构成一种动态的制衡机制,并且因其外置性特点,不可避免地产生由谁来监督监督者的问题。现代诉讼程序提供了一个三方主体在一定范围内的平衡制约机制,并能够使监督活动由外在监督变为内置监督,从而为我国检察制度的发展提供一种可能的进路。

China＇s procuratorial system is designed under the existing constitutional system.The Constitution gives the power of legal supervision in order to achieve power supervision and restriction of power.However,the unidirectional nature of the supervision inherent in the traditional sense makes the right to legal supervision not able to constitute a dynamic checks and balances to executive power and judicial power.And its external characteristics inevitably generate the problem of who supervises the supervisor.Modern proceedings provide checks and balances among these three parties within a certain range and can turn the supervision activities by external supervision into internal supervision,thus providing a possible route for the development of China＇s procuratorial system.