深圳市下沙社区老年人群生存质量现况及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current survival quality and its influence factors in the elderly population in Xiasha community of Shenzhen

目的了解社区老年人群的生存质量及其影响因素状况,为推进社区家庭医生服务计划,对老年人进行健康管理提供依据。方法使用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF),对下沙社区666名有健康档案的60岁以上老年人中的362名进行问卷调查,然后统计分析其生存质量的得分及影响因素。结果 获得有效资料340份。男性138人,占40.6%;女性202人,占59.4%。生存质量自评等级较高的比例占83.2%。统计分析表明主要影响下沙社区老年人生存质量的因素主要为:行动能力、消极感受、经济状况、精力及食欲。慢性病的主要影响因素依次为经济状况、遗传、与家人同住、社区健康服务满意度。结论深圳市下沙社区的老年人口生存质量自评较高,与深圳市的整体经济状况和家庭医生签约服务有关,家庭医生通过采用生物-心理-社会的全科医学保健措施对老年人进行健康管理,对提高社区老年人群生存质量有帮助。

Objective To investigate the current survival quality and its influence factors in the community elderly population and to promote the community family doctor service plan in order to provide the basis for the elderly health management. Methods Of 666 elderly people above 60 years old with health records in Xiasha community, 362 underwent questionnaire survey using the world health organization survival quality scale questionnaire （WHOQOL-BREF） for statistical analysis of the survival quality scores of the elderly and their influence factors. Results Among 138 （40.6% ） males and 202 （59.4% ） females, the relatively high self-assessment of survival quality yielded 83.23%. The statistical analysis showed that the factors affecting the survival quality of Xiasha community elderly were mainly action ability, negative feeling, economic status, energy and appetite. The main influence factors of chronic diseases were economic status, genetic, cohabitation, community health service satisfaction in sequence. Conclusion The self-assessment of survival quality was relatively high in Xiasha community elderly, which was correlated with the overall economic status of Shenzhen and signing type services from family doctor. The ＂biological-psychology-society＂ general medical care measures were used to perform health management by family doctors, this might be helpful to improve the survival quality of community elderly population.