躯干位置对于跳深运动影响的实验研究

The Research of the Trunk Positions Effect on Drop Jump

目的:不同躯干位置对于着地缓冲有着明显的影响,但是躯干体位对于跳深运动的影响效果目前尚不清楚,所以本实验对不同躯干位置对跳深的影响进行运动学和动力学的研究,以探求躯干位置对于跳深运动的影响。方法:苏州大学体育学院体育教育学生20名为实验对象,受试者从30cm高处做两种方式无初速度跳深运动:(1)躯干故意向前弯曲下落尽力起跳;(2)躯干故意挺直下落尽力起跳。每种姿势重复三次,取动作最好的一次进行分析,每个动作之间休息两分钟。采用vicon红外运动捕捉系统和kistler三维测力系统同步记录运动学和动力学参数。结果:躯干前倾髋关节,膝关节关节范围变化大,角速度小,踝关节无明显变化,地面反作用力峰值变小,缓冲距离加大,有助于下落的缓冲和起跳成绩的提高。躯干前倾的跳深,髋膝关节的角速度明显减小,膝关节的外展角度减小,这降低了十字韧带损伤的危险。结论:躯干体位对于跳深运动能力和损伤具有明显的影响。

Purpose;Different trunk positions influence drop landing obviously.But it＇s unknown that whether different trunk positions have effect on drop jump,so this passage mainly research on drop jumps of different trunk positions for the purpose of exploring the effect on drop jump with different trunk positions.Method： 20 students belong to physical culture institute in Soochow University,participants do two kinds of drop jumps from the height of 30 centimeters： 1 fall on the floor with trunk flexural and jump as high as possible;2 fall on the floor with trunk erect and jump as high as possible.Each motion repeats 3 times,choosing the best one to research.There is a two minutes break between each motion.Make use of vicon camera and kistler force plate to synchronous recording the kinematic and dynamic data.Result： The trunk flexion group has more hip and knee change,besides hip and knee angular became less.The angel and angular of ankle have no significant change.The peak ground reaction force become less and the buffered distance grows longer.All of these changes are help to buffer during drop-landing stage and increase height of jumping.Besides trunk flexion indeed decreases angular of knee,the angel of coronal plane become smaller which reduce the anterior cruciate ligament injury risk.