左旋肉碱对机体物质代谢及运动能力的影响研究进展

Current Research Review on Athletic Ability and Substance Metabolism After Supplementing L-carnitine

L-肉碱(即左旋肉碱L-carnitine)是机体内一种具有多种生理功能的氨基酸类物质,对机体血浆肉碱含量、肌肉酶活性以及更为重要的脂类代谢过程具有重要的调节作用,早期的研究主要关注补充L-肉碱后可以增强机体的耐力运动表现,近十年来对于L-肉碱作为肌肉能源选择以及生理功能调节者的重要作用的研究提出了许多富有见解的新观点;L-肉碱在通过线粒体膜转运脂肪酸的过程中发挥着重要的作用,在血浆中确实发现了血浆肉碱含量增加的情况。虽然一些研究表明,相对于运动能力而言,在口服肉碱后,并没有显示出其对健康人群机体物质代谢及健康状况会产生不可或缺的影响,但是绝大多数研究表明,L-肉碱可以帮助特定的人群在运动能力表现上达到一个较高的水平。

L-carnitine is an important functional amino acid derivative,which plays an indispensable role in modulating lipid metabolism,plasma carnitine and enzyme activity in muscular tissues.Biologically,carnitine is essential for the transport of long chain fatty acids across the outer-and inner＇ mitochor]drial membranes.Conflicting results characterized the early research focused on L-carnitine supplementation＇s ability to enhance endurance performance,and studies showed no changes occurred in muscle carnitine levels.Recent studies have focused upon a different paradigm for L-carnitine in regulating hypoxic stress and enhancing recovery from exercise.However,research over the past decade has shed new light on the importance of carnitine as a regulator of skeletal muscle fuel selection and physiological function.In conclusion,manipulating the carnitine pool of skeletal muscle at rest,both physiologically and pharmacologically,has provided insight into the regulation of skeletal muscle fat and carbohydrate oxidation,both at rest and during exercise,and the interchange between anaerobic and oxidative energy provision at the onset of exercise.