三峡工程漂污物问题及其治理研究

The floating debris of Three Gorges Project and its treatment

多年以来长江漂污物问题日趋严重。这对沿江的生态环境 ,特别是对葛洲坝工程的发电、通航构成危害 ,三峡工程完建并投入运行后 ,危害将会进一步加剧。而已往在电厂前沿清漂或将漂污物排向下游的方法效果不甚理想。经对长江若干典型河段河势的初步考察和模型试验探索 ,探明了川江漂污物的特性和漂污物在三峡工程坝前河段的运动规律 ,认为在远离坝前的适当河段 ,运用水力学原理 ,采取挑、导、拦等简便易行的工程措施以设置聚漂区 ,为进一步捞漂清漂创造条件是可能的。进而认为 ,三峡工程的清漂基本方针只能是“清源截流 ,综合治理”

The problems of the floating debris in the Yangtze River has being worsened for many years. Such situation will seriously endanger the ecological environment along the river, especially the power generation and navigation of Gezhouba Water Control Project. After the Three Gorges Project is completed and put into operation, such harm will be further aggravated. The effectiveness of the method of clearing the floating debris in front of power plant or draining them into the downstream all are not so good. Based on the preliminary investigation and model test on the several typical reaches of the Yangtze River, the characteristics and the movement laws of floating debris in front of Three Gorges Project are ascertained. In the proper river reach before the dam, it is possible to clean the floating debris by adopting the simple engineering measures such as deflection, guiding and interception structure or setting up the floating debris gathering zone. It is considered that the basic principles of cleaning floating debris for the Three Gorges Project are 'cleaning the floating debris sources, intercepting them and adopting comprehensive treatment measures'.