股骨下端的形态及其在膝关节运动中对髌骨的限制作用

The Morphology of the Distal Portion of Femur and It's Role in the Restricting Patella during the Motion of Knee Joint

目的：通过对股骨下端关节面形态的测量分析，探讨其在膝关节运动中对骸骨的限制作用。方法：用精度为０．０１ｍｍ的电子数显游标卡尺对５０副完整股骨的下端关节面进行了２６个项目的测量，数据用ＳＰＳＳ软件处理。结果：股骨内侧髁较外髁不仅前后径线长，而且其长轴与关节面横轴之夹角也大；外侧髁髌面较内侧髁髌面宽、长而突起。结论：在伸膝过程中，小腿有一外旋过程使膝外翻；股骨外侧髁髌面对髌骨的外移有一定的限制作用。

Objective: To reveal the role of the distal portion of femur in restricting on patella during the motion of be knee joint. Methods: 26 items regarding the morphology of distal poison of femur were measured on 50 sets of femurs.The data were processed by the SPSS software. Result: The length of medial condyle of femur was longer than of the lateral condyle, and the angle formed by the longitudinal axis of the medial condyle and the trasverse axis of the articular surface was also greater than that of the lateral condyle. The breadth, length and prominence of the patella sulfate of the lateral condyle was greater than that of the medial condyle. Conclusion: A lateral rotation of the leg reveals during the extension of knee joint, and it makes the knee joint eversion. The patellar surface of the lateal condyle plays a major role in restricting the lateral gliding movement of the patella.