磁性液体阻尼减振器实验研究

Experimental research on magnetic fluid damper

针对要求结构紧凑和能量耗散较小的场合,提出一种新的磁性液体阻尼减振器。该减振器利用磁性液体的独特性质,依靠液体的粘性阻尼耗散能量,是一种新型吸振装置。利用基于弹性悬臂梁的减振实验,研究多种实验参数对该减振器加于悬臂梁后减振效果的影响。实验结果表明,磁性液体阻尼减振器在实验中所有频率上对悬臂梁的振动都具有减振作用,而且同一减振器在小于1 Hz的振动频率范围内减振效果最好;实验中同种结构参数的减振器当使用饱和磁化强度为27.01kA/m的磁性液体时达到了最好的减振效果;该减振器对弹性悬臂梁的减振作用分别随着其中永磁体半径和永磁体孔半径的增大而增大,而且永磁体与外壳间有一最佳间隙,使其在其它参数相同时对悬臂梁的减振作用达到最大。

A new structure of magnetic fluid damper was proposed aiming at constructing damping devices with more compact structure and less energy consuming.Based on the unique properties of magnetic fluid,the damper,as a new energy absorption devie,consumes energy mainly owing to the viscous damping of liquids.The influences of various parameters on the vibration reduction effect of a cantilever beam installed with such kind of magnetic fluid damper were studied on an experiment table.The results show that there is damping effect at all the oscillation frequencies of the cantilever in the experiment,especially when the frequency is less than 1Hz.The damping effect is better when the magnetic fluid with saturated magnetization strength of 27.01 kA/m is used.It can be also found that the damping effect is enhanced when the radius of the magnet and the radius of the hole in the magnet are increased respectively.And there is an optimal gap between magnet and shell and in this case,the cantilever attains its maximum decay rate due to the attachment of magnetic fluid damper.