自然披髪——唐代女冠谢自然传奇考索

The Natural Hanging Hair——a study of natural legend about Xie Ziran in the Tang Dynasty

在唐代的入道女冠之中,曾有唐人吟咏其"升仙"、籍贯果州南充县的谢自然,可说是非常闻名的一位。追究相关的文字,分属于二个"体系":一是《太平广记》所引《集仙录》,一是沈汾《续仙传》。前者出自贞元十年在任刺史李坚之作,后者则有可能将别一女冠焦静真之传杂入,因而出现系时不合的情况。至于韩愈的创作主旨,后人漫加揣测,诸说纷纭,莫衷一是。世上既无御风驾云的神仙,凡能亲耳闻、亲目睹者,自然事涉愚弄。对于"真相"的揭示,类似欺诈的假设未必没有道理。不过,随着时光的流逝,仍是美好的愿望成为主导。不论宋、元、明,相关"胜迹"几乎遍布于乡里的山陵,百姓们更愿意将之视作真正的神灵,而将地方的祭祀、供奉维持得更为长久。

In the Tang Dynasty,the priestess was regarded as the ＂immortal＂.Xie Ziran,who is from Guozhou,Nanchong County,is very famous.Based on the investigation related to words,it belongs to two ＂systems＂： one is ＂Taiping Collections＂ cited from ＂A Record of Immortals＂;the other is ＂Continued Immortal Biography＂ by Shen Fen.The former was produced by Li Jianzhi in the tenth year of Zhunyuan when he was the official of cishi;it is possible that the latter took Jiao Jingzhen,another biography of miscellaneous into his work,resulting in a mismatch of the context in the book.As for Han Yu＇s theme of writing,there are different guessing and interpretation.It is hard to reach the common ground.In a world,there is no immortal one who can control the nature.All those who can hear with their ears and see with their eyes are natural beings.For the revelation of ＂truth＂,it is not without reason to produce something similar to lying.However,with the passing of time,good wishes are still the dominant.Regardless of the Song,the Yuan,and the Ming Dynasty,similar ＂issues＂ can be found almost in every single hill in the village,and the people are more willing to regard them as real God,and continue the local sacrifice showing their worships which last longer than others.