不同栽培因子对晋南盆地冬小麦产量的贡献

Study on Contribution Sequence of Different Cultural Factors on Winter Wheat Yield in the Southern Shanxi Basins

在山西临汾采用均匀设计、逐步回归和综合贡献值方法,研究了不同栽培因子对冬小麦产量的贡献。结果表明,晋南盆地不同栽培因子对产量的影响从大到小为:底施磷肥量、底施氮肥量、灌浆期灌水时间、冬前灌水量、起身期灌水量、灌浆期灌水量、起身期追施氮肥量、播种量、播期。并模拟出理论产量最高值为8 785.74 kg/hm2时,各栽培关键因子的组合为播期9月18日、播种量478.20万粒/hm2、底施磷酸二铵55.66 kg/hm2、底施普通过磷酸钙170.69 kg/hm2、冬前灌水449.74 m3/hm2、起身期灌水406.60 m3/hm2、起身期追施磷酸二铵46.83 kg/hm2、灌浆期灌水478.00 m3/hm2、灌浆期灌水时间为5月1日。

In order to clear the contribution of different cultural factors on winter wheat yield,we studied the contribution sequence of different cultural factors related to winter wheat yield by uniform experiment design,stepwise regression and general contribution method in Linfen city of Shanxi province.The results showed that the influence order was base phosphorus quantity,base nitrogen quantity,irrigation time at filling stage,irrigation quantity before winter,irrigation quantity at rising stage,irrigation quantity at filling stage,topdressing nitrogen quantity at rising stage,density,sowing date.In addition,when the best combination of the different cultural factors for the highest yield was 8 785.74 kg/hm2,the cultivation of the key factors was the sowing date was September 18 and grouting of watering time was May 1,and density,base phosphoric acid quantity,base ordinary superphosphate quantity,irrigation quantity before winter,irrigation quantity at rising stage,base phosphoric acid quantity,irrigation quantity at filling stage were 478.20 million particle/hm2,55.66 kg/hm2,170.69 kg/hm2,449.74 m3/hm2,406.60 m3/hm2,46.83 kg/hm2 and 478.00 m3/hm2,respectively.The study would provide theoretical and technical support for achieving high yield in the southern basins.