关于初级阶段对外汉字教学的思考

On the Teaching of Chinese as a Second Language at the Elementary Stage

对于初级阶段的汉语学习者来说,汉字通常被认为是最难的一项,因而有些学习者往往采取绕着走的态度来学习汉字。学习汉字可以采用"拼音先行,继之语文并进"、"先识后写,识写并重"、"整字教学,整字认读,整字识记"、"电脑输入协助汉字学习"的原则进行初级阶段的汉字教学。同时要注意从汉字本身的特点如现代汉字构形和构义、构词能力强,与非汉字圈语言的字母近似的特点进行教学。

Chinese characters are usually considered as the hardest thing by foreigners in the teaching of Chinese as a second language.Therefore,some Chinese learners avoid characters,and some teachers acquiesce in this,but learning characters is very important for improving Chinese in all respects.Based on the previous study and our experience and thought in teaching,we follow the principles in the elementary stage,which is PinYin goes first,then language and characters go together;reading characters goes before writing;teaching the whole character;typing helps characters learning.At the same time,attention should be paid to the features of shape and meaning,the strength of word building of Chinese characters and the similarity of letters with the non-characters.