武术门派在义和团运动中的发动和组织作用

Launching and Organizing of Wushu in Boxers Movement

武术门派在义和团运动中起到了发动和组织乡民的作用,武师们借鉴武术门派的组织形式,结合当时斗争的需要,设立的以大师兄为首领的组织形式,契合了乡民们的乡土意识。武师凭借在群众中形成的个人威信,很自然地成为义和团的大师兄,这就为义和团的组建提供了为当地乡民接受的组织形式。义和团组织纪律的核心是武术门派的伦理道德和门规戒律。武术门派植根于基层社会,对基层社会具有主流文化难以产生的心灵融通作用,这是义和团兴起快、发展迅速的原因。武术门派又具有分散性和松散性的特征,这是义和团无法发展成类似太平天国那样的强大队伍,且不能坚持长期斗争的重要原因。

Wushu played a role in launching the villagers in the Boxer Movement.The masters of Wushu profited from the organizations of the styles of Wushu.Combined with the needs of the rebellion,organization was estab lished with the biggest brother as the leader,which conformed to the countrymen＇s local consciousness.Meanwhile,masters of Wushu relying on personal prestige naturally became the seniors in the Boxers Movement,which helped the organization easily accepted by the local people.The disciplines of the Boxers Movement was the observation of the ethics of the Wushu groups,which rooted in the grassroots community and yielded direct influences on the ordi nary people.Consequently,the Boxers Movement developed quicky.However,the Wushu groups were so different that it was hard for the Boxers Movement to be united as a whole and lasted as the Taiping Uprising.