摘要
目的了解2010年我国不同地区14所医院肠杆菌属细菌的临床分布和耐药状况。方法全国14所教学医院2010年1—12月临床分离的1 961株肠杆菌属细菌,采用K-B法或自动化仪器进行药敏试验,试验结果以CLSI 2010年版判断标准。结果 1 961株肠杆菌属细菌临床分离株来自呼吸道分泌物1 146株(58.4%),尿液标本229株(11.7%),血液标本108株(5.5%),其他标本478株(24.4%)。肠杆菌属细菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑林和头孢西丁的耐药率高(大于93%),对头孢他啶和头孢噻肟的耐药率较高(38.6%、51.2%),对哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、头孢吡肟、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦、厄他培南、阿米卡星、环丙沙星的耐药率均在20%以下,对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率最低(分别为5.2%和4.8%)。不同医院间、住院患者与门诊患者分离株耐药率之间存在差异。8株对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药株为泛耐药株。结论肠杆菌属细菌对抗菌药物的耐药情况严重,采取有效感染控制措施为当务之急。
Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of clinical Enterobacter isolates.Methods A total of 1 961 clinical strains of Enterobacter spp.were collected from 14 hospitals during January 1 through December 31,2010.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with Kirby-Bauer method or determination of minimum inhibitory concentration.The results were analyzed according to CLSI 2010 standards.Results The main source of isolates was sputum(n=1 146,58.4%) and urine(n=229,11.7%),blood(n=108,5.5%),and others(n=478,24.4%).The resistance rate of Enterobacter strains was the highest to ampicillin,cefazolin and cefoxitin(93%),relatively higher to ceftazidime and cefotaxime(38.6% and 51.2%,respectively),and relatively lower to piperacillin-tazobactam,cefepime,cefoperazone-sulbactam,ertapenem,amikacin,or ciprofloxacin(generally 20%),and the lowest to imipenem and meropenem(5.2% and 4.8%,respectively).The resistance rate varied with hospitals and the clinical setting(inpatients or outpatients).Eight strains were identified as pan-drug resistant including resistance to carbapenem antibiotics.Conclusions Antibiotic resistance in clinical Enterobacter isolates is serious in China.Every hospital should take effective control measures to curb the growth of resistant strains.
出处
《中国感染与化疗杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第3期167-173,共7页
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
关键词
肠杆菌属
阴沟肠杆菌
产气肠杆菌
碳青霉烯类
耐药性
Enterobacter spp.
Enterobacter cloacae
Enterobacter aerogenes
carbapenem
antibiotic resistance