云南不同烟区红大烟叶外观质量及物理特性的区域特色分析

Exterior Quality and Physical Properties of Hongda Tobacco in Yunnan Province

[目的]分析云南不同产区红花大金元(红大)烟叶外观质量及物理特性的区域特色,以期为红大的种植规划、栽培技术调整以及卷烟工业使用原料的选择提供重要的参考依据。[方法]以2010年云南主产烟区的红大种植代表性地区——昆明、曲靖、保山和大理4个地区为取材地点,选取该4个地区24个乡(镇)的红大C3F为试验材料,对其进行外观质量和物理特性分析,并通过聚类分析探讨其物理特性区域特色。[结果]曲靖、昆明、保山和大理4个地区红大烟叶C3F的叶宽和开片度存在显著差异;各项物理指标大多也存在显著差异,其中烟叶厚度、含梗率、平衡含水率差异达到了极显著水平;叶面密度、填充值差异达到了显著水平;大理地区的平衡含水率、叶面密度等物理指标与昆明、曲靖、保山3个地区存在显著差异,表明大理烟区的红大烟叶在物理特性方面具有区域特色;滇东、滇中、滇西红大烟叶C3F的含梗率差异达到了显著水平;经聚类分析,可以将云南省不同县区的红大依据物理性状的差异划分为4大类型。[结论]该研究结果为云南烤烟优质品种红大的种植规划、栽培技术调整以及卷烟工业使用原料的选择奠定了基础。

[ Objective ] The aim was to analyze the exterior quality and physical properties of Hongda tobacco in Yunnan Province, providing references for planting planning, technology and raw materials. [ Method ] Hongda C3 F was chosen from 24 villages and towns in Qujing, Kun- ming, Baoshan and Dali, and the concerning exterior quality and physical properties were analyzed through cluster analysis. [ Result ] The openness and width of C3 F differed significantly in Qujing, Kunming, Baoshan and Dali. The thickness, stem content, equilibrium moisture content extremely differed, and density and filling power varied significantly. Most physical properties, such as equilibrium moisture content and density, of Dali Hongda were quite different from that of Hongda tobacco in Qujing, Kunming and Baoshan, indicating that Dali Hongda enjoys special characteristics in physical properties. In addition, stem content in East, Central and West Yunnan Province varied significantly and Hongda in Y＇unnan could be classified into four species according to physical property. [ Conclusion] The research has laid basis for plant- ing planning, technology and raw materials of Hongda tobacco.