厦门至珠江口间沿岸海域中华白海豚分布的调查研究

Investigation on the distribution of Sousa chinensis in the coastal waters between Xiamen and the Pearl River Estuary

厦门海域和珠江口海域是中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)的2个重要分布区,但对这两地之间沿海白海豚的分布情况还缺乏了解.通过走访厦门至珠江口之间12个渔港码头或渔村的渔民,共获得有效问卷168份,探讨了厦门至珠江口之间沿海历史上和当今中华白海豚的分布情况.结果显示:年龄越大,渔民见过白海豚的比例越高;历史上(20～30a前),东山、汕头、甲子、汕尾和马宫等地沿海曾有较大的中华白海豚种群分布;如今,在东山湾和汕头海域还有中华白海豚的出没.通过进一步的截线抽样法调查,证实了汕头海域还有白海豚的分布,东山湾还有渔民观察到白海豚,但尚待进一步的证实.

Two important habitats for Chinese white dolphin（Sousa chinensis,CWD） are found in Xiamen waters and the Pearl River Estuary,but little is known about CWD＇s distribution between these two waters.In this study,168 fishermen were interviewed at 12 fishing ports located from Xiamen to the Pearl River Estuary,in order to explore the historical and current distribution of CWD.The results indicate that fishermen who spotted CWD are age related,the older they are,the larger proportion they sight.Historically,CWD distributed coastal waters along Dongshan,Shantou,Jiazi,Shanwei and Magong 20～30 years ago.And now,in Dongshan Bay and Shantou waters they have been still sighted by local fishermen.Line-transect method survey confirmed the existence of CWD in Shantou waters,while there still need further investigation to confirm in Dongshan Bay though the existence was told by the fishermen.