硅球密度绝对测量

Absolute density determination for a single crystal silicon sphere

单晶硅球密度的绝对测量是阿伏加德罗常数测量的关键技术,是目前国际热点研究领域.本文综述了包括我国在内的国际单晶硅球密度测量的最新进展,涉及硅球密度测量的技术原理、测量领域、影响因素、测量装置及最佳测量能力等,分析了硅球密度测量的主要难点和关键技术,预测了相关研究的技术前景及发展趋势.

The absolute density measurement of the single crystal silicon sphere is decisive procedure to determine Avogadro constant.In this review paper,we introduced the current status of the density measurement of the single crystal silicon sphere,including measurement principles,measurement fields,influence factors,measuring devices and the best ability for the diameter measurement,analyzed the main difficulties and key technologies of density measurement,and predicted the development trend and technology prospect in related fields.