深圳市龙岗区古树现状调查研究

Investigation of Ancient Trees in Longgang District of Shenzhen

在查阅历史资料的基础上,采用实地调查与走访当地群众相结合的方法,对深圳市龙岗区布吉、坂田、大鹏、横岗、葵涌、坑梓、龙城、龙岗、南澳、南湾、坪地、平湖、坪山13个街道的古树进行逐株调查。结果表明:龙岗区古树分布范围广,13个街道均有分布;种类数和株数有较大差异,古树主要分布在村前屋后的风水林中,部分以群落的形式存在。龙岗区有古树858株,隶属于25科45属52种,其中含5种及以上的科为桑科(Moraceae)和樟科(Lauraceae),也是株数较多的2个科,各为351株和123株;榕树(Ficus microcarpa)、龙眼(Dimocarpus longan)和樟树(Cinnanomum camphora)植株较多,分别为331、99和95株;绝大多数古树为乡土树种,种数达到48种,其中三级古树818株、二级古树33株、一级古树7株。44.41%的古树生长旺盛,生长表现一般的古树占总株数的48.25%,生长较差的占总株数的7.34%。根据调查结果,对龙岗区古树的管理和保护提出了一些建议。

Management and protection of ancient trees at thirteen areas in Longgang District, Shenzhen city, such as Buji, Bantian, Dapeng, Henggang, Kuiyong, Kengzi, Longcheng, Longgang, Nan＇ao, Nanwan, Pingdi, Pinghu and Pingshan were investigated with combining methods of field investigation and visiting local people. The results showed that ancient trees distributed at the thirteen areas with a wide distribution range, but there were greater differences in species number and individual number among these areas. Ancient trees mainly distributed in the geomantie forests and existed in form of community, there were 858 ancient trees that belonged to 52 species in 45 genera and 25 families. The family with five or more species of ancient trees were Lauraeeae and Moraceae, with 351 and 123 individuals, respectively. Ficus microcarpa, Dimocarpus longan and Cinnanomum camphora were abundant with 331, 99 and 95 individuals, respectively. Most of the ancient trees were native tree species with 48 species. The individual number was 818 with tree age of 100 -299 a, 33 with age of 300 -499 a and 7 with age of more than 500 a. Among the total individuals, 44.41% were growing well, 48.25% were growing generally, and 7.34% were growing poorly. According to these investigation results,some suggestions about management and conservation for ancient trees in Longgang District were also put forward.