儿童股骨头缺血性坏死的治疗进展

Treatment Progress of Perthes Disease

儿童股骨头缺血性坏死是一种以股骨头无菌性坏死为特征的髋关节自限性疾病。治疗儿童股骨头缺血性坏死的最佳原则是包容治疗,即当生物可塑性依然存在时维持或恢复髋关节的一致性。根据疾病的严重程度选择合适的治疗方法,包括观察、物理治疗及手术重建髋关节。所有治疗的目标是防止畸形及过早发生髋关节病。儿童股骨头缺血性坏死的主要预后因素包括初始发病年龄、X线分型及"股骨头危险征"。

Legg-calve-perthes disease is a self-limiting condition of the hip joint characterized by aseptic necrosis of the whole or part of the femoral head.Containment is the best method for treating perthes disease,i.e.,the maintenance or restoration of joint congruence while biological plasticity is still present.Depending on the severity of the disease,the treatment options range from observation and physiotherapy to reconstructive hip surgery,the goal of which is to take precaution against pre-arthrotic deformity and premature coxarthrosis.The main prognostic factors include the patient′s age at the onset of the disease,radiographic classifications,and any additional radiographic＂head-at-risk＂signs.