青春期铁营养状况研究

Studies on Nutritional Condition Associated with Fe During Puberty

前言缺铁性贫血(Iron-deficiency-anemia.简称IDA)是与营养有关的重要的青春期卫生问题之一,也是当今发达国家和发展中国家普遍存在的营养缺乏病。为了了解上海市区青少年一般营养状况和缺铁性贫血发病情况,探讨贫血与智力、体格发育的关系,以及如何通过膳食调配达到防治IDA的目的,我们在本市一所中学进行了上述各项调查研究及为期三个月的营养调配试验。

A study on iron-deficiency-anemia (IDA)in adolescence was conducted among 478 teen-age students in shanghai, The study indicated that the intake of nutrients among the students was generally insufficient, the lack of protein, calcium, vit A, vit B_1 and vit B_2 was more serious. The mobidities of IDA among male and female students were 15.8％ and 32.6％ respectively, higher in female group (p<0.01). The iron deficiency sufferers in male and female students were 46.8％ and 61.8％ respectively, also higher in female group(p<0.01). The causes of IDA were analysed with the method of stepwise regression. During the process of studying the effect of IDA on intelligence and physical development in adolescents, we found that there was no significant effect of IDA ooncerning intelligence quotient(I. Q.) and the school performance. But the speed and endurance capabilities in students of both sex were directly correlated with the hemoglobin level. In female students, the speed capabili-1 ty was correlated with the serum ferritin content on direct ratio. Based on these findings, a special 3-month school lunch program was tried. The results indicate that a comprehensive, rational and balanced diet is beneficial to hemoglobin, free erythrocyte porphyrin, and serum ferritin contents and it improves adolescent development.