王莽时期州制的变化兼论都督制的滥觞

The Changes of the State System During the Reign of Wang Mang and a Probe into the Governor System

两汉魏晋南北朝时期的州制变化表现出一个相对独立的周期。在这一周期中 ,州由最初较为单纯的监察区域演变为颇具行政等因素的政治单元 ,这种变化主要是由于州刺史的越权行为引起的。王莽统治时期是州制变化的重要时期 ,州制的行政化倾向被固化 ,而监察职能被削弱甚至被剥离 ;王莽“保”区制的设立 ,使州受到更多军事因素的渗入 ,州呈现了军政合一的性质。“保”

The changes of the state system showed a relatively independent circle from double Han dynasty to Wei Jin dynasty and South and North dynasty,during which the state system developed form the initial simple supervisory district into a political unit that assumed quite a few administerative factors. Those changes rested largely on the fact that state cishi exceeded their power. The period when Wang Mang reigned was an important one because the state system had great changes. The administrative practice of the state ssytem was set,but its supervisory function was delined and even deprived. The state was permeated with more military factors because of the establishment of the “Bao”district system,the result of which was that the military function and the administrative function was mingled.There were many similarities between the “Bao”district system and Governer system that existed during the period from double Hang dynasty to Wei Jin dynasty and South and North dynasty.