ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对PTSD-SPS大鼠空间学习记忆和海马神经元溶酶体损伤的防护作用研究

Protective Effects of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on PTSD-induced Impairment of Spatial Learning and Memory and the Lysosomes in Hippocampal Neurons

目的:观察饲料中添加ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸对PTSD-SPS大鼠空间学习记忆能力及海马神经元溶酶体损伤的保护作用。方法:将48只健康成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、PTSD-SPS模型组、30%ω-3PUFAs+PTSD-SPS模型组、60%ω-3PU-FAs+PTSD-SPS模型组。采用Morris水迷宫测试方法,观察大鼠定位航行实验中逃避潜伏期及空间探索实验中靶象限活动时间的百分比及穿台次数。电子显微镜观察大鼠海马神经元超微结构变化。结果:与对照组相比,SPS模型组大鼠逃避潜伏期延长,第5天达到(39.12±7.34)s(P<0.05);第6天大鼠靶象限内活动时间百分比明显缩短及穿台次数减少,分别是10.01%±3.03%及(1.05±0.13)次;与SPS模型组对比,喂饲60%ω-3PUFAs的SPS组大鼠逃避潜伏期为(19.13±4.26)s(P<0.05),靶象限内活动时间百分比及穿台次数为25.56%±2.13%、(2.36±0.34)次(P<0.05)。电镜结果显示,喂饲ω-3PUFAs的SPS模型组大鼠海马神经元中溶酶体数量比SPS组明显减少,与对照组没有显著差异。结论:ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸可能通过减少海马神经元溶酶体的数量对PTSD-SPS大鼠学习记忆损伤起到一定的防护作用。

Objective： To investigate the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on PTSD-induced impairment of spatial learn-ing and memory and the lysosomes in hippocampal neurons.Methods： Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups： control group,PTSD-SPS group,30 % ω-3PUFAs ＋ PTSD-SPS group,60 % ω-3PUFAs ＋ PTSD-SPS group.The escape la-tency time was evaluated by using the navigation test in a Morris water maze,and the ratio of time spent in the target quadrant and the number crossing plate was evaluated by the probe test.Ultrastructural changes of hippocampal neurons were detected by transmission electron microscope.Results： Compared with the control group,the PTSD-SPS group had prolonged latency,（39.12 ±7.34） s（P〈0.05）in the fifth day,and had a decrease in the ratio of time spent in the target quadrant and the number of crossing plate in the sixth day,10.01 % ± 3.03 % and（1.05 ± 0.13）times,respectively.The mean escape latency of the rats in 60 % ω-3PUFAs group was（19.13 ±4.26）s（P0.05）,and the ratio of time spent in the target quadrant and the number of crossing plate was 25.56 % ±2.13 %,（2.36 ±0.34） times（P〈0.05）,respectively.Compared with the PTSD-SPS group,the number of lysosomes in the hippocampal neurons in 60 % ω-3PUFAs group was fewer than that in the SPS group by transmission electron microscope.There was no significance difference be-tween the ω-3PUFAs group and control group.Conclusion： Dietary Supplement of ω-3PUFAs may protect PTSD-induced impairment of spatial learning and memory by decreasing the number of lysosomes in hippocampal neurons.