人工鱼礁对山东莱州朱旺港海区游泳动物的群落结构及季节变化的影响

The Effect of Artificial Reefs on the Community Structure and Seasonal Variation of Nektons in Zhuwang Harbor,Laizhou,Shandong

为查明朱旺港人工礁区游泳动物的群落结构特征及其季节变化,于2010年5～11月和2011年3月对该海域人工礁区和自然对照区进行逐月调查。结果表明,人工礁区游泳动物种类比对照区丰富(1.42倍);并且人工礁区的Mar-galef种类丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数均高于对照区。人工礁区的CPUE也明显高于对照区,人工礁区的A1区(建于2008年)和A2区(建于2009年)分别是自然对照区CA区的1.43和1.55倍,其中经济种类日本蟳的CPUE分别达到2.69和2.97倍。初步体现人工鱼礁投放后的集鱼效果,且礁区游泳动物的群落结构有明显改善。

The nektons of the artificial reef areas and the control area in Zhuwang Harbor were investigated monthly between May and November 2010 and in March 2011.The results showed that the nekton species in the artificial reef areas were more abundant than that of the control area（1.42 times）.Furthermore,the species abundance index,the diversity index,the evenness index and CPUE in the artificial reef areas were higher than those of the control area.CPUE in artificial reef area A1（constructed in 2008） and A2（constructed in 2009） was 1.43 and 1.55 times higher than that of the control area,respectively.Especially,CPUE of Charybdis japonica in artificial reef area A1 and A2 were 2.69 and 2.97 times higher than that of the control area.The artificial reefs had a positive effect on the community structure of nektons and fish-aggregation in Zhuwang Harbor,Shandong.