传导方案促进低龄听障婴幼儿听觉发育的实践研究

The Feasibility and Effectiveness of Portage Programming in Promoting the Auditory Development of Hearing-impaired Children

目的探讨传导方案促进低龄听障婴幼儿听觉发育的可行性和有效性。方法对13名中重度以上听力损失的儿童助听后以传导方案的模式进行听觉能力康复。根据年龄划分为两组：7个月-1岁5个月5人；1岁6个月-3岁8人，两组教学侧重点不相同。使用婴幼儿有意义听觉整合量表（IT-MAIS）分别在干预前和干预后1、3、6、12个月对所有儿童进行评估。结果13例儿童中12例经传导方案干预，总体听觉能力随时间的延续呈曲线上升（92．3％），各分项听觉能力均呈上升趋势。1岁6个月以下听障儿童的声音察知能力发展较快，发声情况及理解能力到6个月时才出现明显变化；1岁6个月以上听障儿童的声音察知能力及发声变化较快，而理解能力相对发展较慢。结论针对低龄听障儿童康复的传导方案具有可行性和推广性，有利于他们的听觉发育及全面发展，但后续跟踪应进一步完善。

Objective To discuss the feasibility and effectiveness of the portage programming in facilitating the auditory development of young hearing-impaired children. Methods Thirteen children with moderate or more severe hearing loss were selected as the subjects for this study. The children were treated with portage programming after fitted with hearing devices. All the subjects were divided into 2 groups： 5 children in Group 1 （7 months to 17 months） and 8 children in Group 2 （1.5 years old to 3 years old）. The teaching focuses were different for the two groups. The Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale （IT- MAIS） was used to assess the children before the intervention and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the intervention. Results After one year＇s intervention, 12 out of 13 children showed obvious improvement in auditory abilities （92.3%）. Group 1 showed more rapid development in sound detection abilities, while the phonation and comprehension abilities did not have noticeable changes until 6 months later. Group 2 improved more quickly in sound detection and phonation abilities, while the comprehension abilities developed more slowly. Conclusion The portage programming is feasible, and can be duplicated and beneficial for the overall development, especially auditory development of young hearing-impaired children.However,the follow-up observation shall be further improved.