基于数量弹性契约的供应链鲁棒运作模型

Robust operation model for supply chain based on quantity flexibility contract

供应链中的各种不确定性因素造成供应链运作风险,进而影响供应链各成员及其整体绩效水平.利用鲁棒优化方法处理不确定性优化问题的优势及数量弹性契约机制的风险分担功能,研究包含一个制造商和一个销售商的二级供应链系统绩效优化问题,根据Stackelberg博弈理论,在考虑需求不确定条件下,建立了基于数量弹性契约的鲁棒优化模型,提出了区间性需求分布下的鲁棒运作策略,并给出了相关的算例,算例结果表明:具有数量弹性契约的供应链鲁棒运作策略能保证供应链中各成员及整体收益在一定程度上优于没有数量弹性契约时的收益,从而可以提高供应链各成员及其整体的收益.

Various uncertainties bring about supply chain risk,thereby affecting its members and the overall performance.Given the nice performance of robust optimization in handling problems with uncertainties,and the advantage of quantity flexibility contract with respect to risk-sharing mechanism,this paper studied a two-stage supply chain system containing one manufacturer and one distributer,established a robust operation model based on the quantity flexibility contract using the Stackelberg game theory,gave the robust strategies under the interval distribution of demand,and verified by an example： the robust strategies under quantity flexibility contract can ensure that the interests of each party are at least better than the profits without,therefore,to some extent improve the benefits of the overall supply chain and its members.